Literature Review Banker in Bangladesh Dhaka –Free Word Template Download with AI

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The concept of a "Banker" has been pivotal in shaping the economic landscape of cities worldwide, and its significance is particularly profound in the context of Bangladesh Dhaka. As the capital and most populous city of Bangladesh, Dhaka serves as a hub for financial institutions, regulatory bodies, and economic activities. This literature review explores existing scholarly works on "Banker" within this specific geographical and socio-economic framework, emphasizing its relevance to banking practices, challenges, and innovations in Dhaka.

The evolution of banking in Bangladesh can be traced back to the colonial era, with institutions like the National Bank of Pakistan (now part of Pakistan) operating under British rule. However, post-independence in 1971, Bangladesh established its own financial infrastructure. Dhaka emerged as a critical center for banking services due to its role as the political and economic capital. Early studies by scholars such as Hasan (2005) highlight how state-owned banks like the Sonali Bank and Agrani Bank dominated the landscape in Dhaka, prioritizing public sector lending over private initiatives.

In contemporary Bangladesh, "Banker" refers not only to individuals but also to financial institutions that facilitate economic growth through credit provision, investment management, and regulatory compliance. Research by the Bangladesh Bank (BB) underscores the critical role of bankers in promoting financial inclusion, particularly in urban centers like Dhaka. According to a report by Islam and Khan (2018), banks in Dhaka have increasingly focused on SME financing to support micro-enterprises, which constitute a significant portion of Bangladesh's GDP.

Despite their contributions, bankers in Dhaka face unique challenges. A study by Abdullah (2019) identifies high levels of non-performing loans (NPLs) as a persistent issue, exacerbated by informal lending practices and inadequate collateral. Additionally, the rapid urbanization of Dhaka has strained infrastructure, making it difficult for banks to reach underserved populations. Cybersecurity threats also loom large, with reports from the Bangladesh Institute of Bank Management (BIBM) noting a surge in digital fraud cases targeting mobile banking systems.

The rise of technology has transformed the banking sector in Dhaka. Research by Sarker et al. (2021) highlights the adoption of mobile banking apps and digital payment solutions, such as bKash, which have revolutionized financial access for millions. Bankers in Dhaka are increasingly integrating AI-driven tools for fraud detection and customer service automation. However, a critical gap remains: the digital divide between urban elites and low-income populations. Hossain (2020) argues that while banks in Dhaka have made strides in innovation, rural branches still lag behind in adopting modern technologies.

Bangladesh's banking sector is governed by the Bangladesh Bank and various regulatory frameworks aimed at ensuring transparency and ethical practices. A literature review by Rahman (2017) notes that while regulations have improved accountability, corruption remains a challenge. Bankers in Dhaka often navigate complex political landscapes, with some studies suggesting that political interference can compromise lending decisions. Ethical dilemmas such as loan defaults and embezzlement are frequently discussed in academic circles.

Globalization has introduced both opportunities and risks for bankers in Dhaka. International financial institutions like the World Bank and IMF have collaborated with local banks to implement reforms, such as Basel III compliance. However, Amin (2019) warns that over-reliance on foreign capital can make the banking sector vulnerable to global economic shocks. The 2018 currency crisis in Bangladesh, for example, highlighted how external factors could destabilize domestic banks operating in Dhaka.

Recent studies have focused on the role of bankers in promoting gender equality and financial inclusion. A report by BRAC University (2020) found that women entrepreneurs in Dhaka are increasingly accessing credit through specialized microfinance programs facilitated by banks. However, cultural barriers and limited digital literacy among women remain significant challenges, as noted by Karim (2019).

While existing literature has extensively covered the role of bankers in Dhaka, several areas require further exploration. These include the long-term effects of fintech on traditional banking models, the impact of climate change on financial stability, and strategies to enhance rural-urban banking equity. Comparative studies between Dhaka's banks and those in other South Asian cities could also provide valuable insights.

The concept of "Banker" in Bangladesh Dhaka is multifaceted, encompassing economic development, technological innovation, and ethical challenges. This literature review synthesizes existing research to highlight the dynamic role of bankers in shaping Dhaka's financial landscape. As Bangladesh continues to grow economically, the need for rigorous academic inquiry into banking practices remains crucial. Future studies should prioritize interdisciplinary approaches that integrate economics, technology, and social sciences to address the evolving needs of Dhaka's population.

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