Marble relief fragment with scenes from the Trojan War

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The tabulae iliacae, a series of tablets covered with scenes from the Trojan War and explanatory inscriptions in Greek, were presumably designed to teach students Homer's eighth century B.C. epic poem the Iliad. This piece is signed on the back by a Greek artist named Theodoros, to whose workshop all the surviving examples can be ascribed. The tablets show that Homer was as popular with Romans as with Greeks, despite the fact that Virgil's Aeneid, designed to rival the Homeric poems and published by 19 B.C., quickly became the classic Latin epic.Each scene can be identified with a passage from the Iliad. For example, the central one on the left side of the tablet depicts the capture of Troy. The Trojan Horse has already been brought within the tall walls of the city, and Greeks are emerging from its wooden belly and climbing down a ladder. On the right side of the tablet, the second frieze from the top depicts Achilles in his chariot, dragging Hector's dead body outside "high-gated" Troy, while King Priam and Queen Hecabe, the parents of Hector, look on in horror from atop the city's walls.

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